path
# path模块
当前文件路径
# __file__是当前执行的文件
# 获取当前文件__file__的路径
os.path.realpath(__file__)
os.path.abspath(__file__)
# 获取当前文件__file__的所在目录
os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))realpath 和 abspath
如果是链接文件, 那么realpath显示的是所链接文件的路径.
ubuntu@ThinkCentre:/home/public/tmp$ tree
.
├── txtfile
└── txtfile_ln -> /home/public/tmp/txtfile
0 directories, 2 files
ubuntu@ThinkCentre:/home/public/tmp$ python3
Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 17 2016, 17:05:23)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.path.realpath('txtfile_ln')
'/home/public/tmp/txtfile'
>>> os.path.abspath('txtfile_ln')
'/home/public/tmp/txtfile_ln'
>>> os.path.abspath('txtfile')
'/home/public/tmp/txtfile'
>>> os.path.realpath('txtfile')
'/home/public/tmp/txtfile'获取路径下所有文件及文件夹
不含路径
代码
import os
print(os.listdir('.'))输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
['.idea', 'config.ini', 'config_parser.py', 'example.ini', 'example.log', 'lines.txt', 'log.py', 'logtest.py', 'pathtest.py', 'read_config_file.py', 'Test.py', 'Test01.py', 'Test02.py', 'Test03.py', 'Test04.py', 'Test05.py', 'Test06.py', 'Test07.py', 'Test08.py', 'Test09.py', 'Test10.py', 'url_test.py', 'write_config_file.py', '__pycache__']
Process finished with exit code 0包含路径
代码
import os
file_path = '/home'
for item in os.listdir(file_path):
print(os.path.join(file_path, item))输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
/home/ubuntu
/home/mint
/home/ftp
/home/public
/home/bovenson
/home/deepin
/home/elementary
/home/lost+found
/home/test.pcap
Process finished with exit code 0递归获取某一路径下所有文件及文件夹
#!/usr/bin python3
# coding: utf-8
"""
FILE: test.py
DATE: 17-6-26 上午11:15
DESC:
"""
import os
p_file_path = '/media/bovenson/Data/媒体/音乐/网易云音乐'
def get_all_file_and_dir_recursion(file_path, recursion=False):
res = []
for item in os.listdir(file_path):
full_path = os.path.join(file_path, item)
res.append(full_path)
if recursion and os.path.isdir(full_path):
res.extend(get_all_file_and_dir_recursion(full_path, recursion=recursion))
return res
if __name__ == "__main__":
file_dir_s = get_all_file_and_dir_recursion(p_file_path, True)
print(len(file_dir_s))获取文件当前目录下文件
代码
import os
import pathlib
for item in os.listdir('.'):
if os.path.isfile(item):
print("Path : ", item)
print("Suffix : ", pathlib.PurePath(item).suffix)
print("Suffixs: ", pathlib.PurePath(item).suffixes)
print("")输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
Path : other.tar.gz
Suffix : .gz
Suffixs: ['.tar', '.gz']
Path : pathtest.py
Suffix : .py
Suffixs: ['.py']
Process finished with exit code 0获取当前路径下特定后缀的文件
代码
import os
import pathlib
import re
# 打印当前目录所有文件
for item in os.listdir('.'):
if os.path.isfile(item):
print(item)
print()
# 前缀
suffix = 'py'
for item in os.listdir('.'):
# 忽略前面的'.'符号
if os.path.isfile(item) and re.sub(r'^\.', '', pathlib.PurePath(item).suffix) == re.sub(r'^\.', '', suffix):
print(item)输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
other.tar.gz
pathtest.py
pathtest.py
Process finished with exit code 0另一个
代码
import os
import pathlib
import re
suffix = 'py'
for item in os.listdir('.'):
if os.path.isfile(item):
print(item)
print()
# 如果给定的后缀不是'.'开头, 则添加'.'
suffix = suffix if suffix.startswith('.') else '.' + suffix
for item in os.listdir('.'):
if os.path.isfile(item) and pathlib.PurePath(item).suffix == suffix:
print(item)输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
other.tar.gz
pathtest.py
pathtest.py
Process finished with exit code 0判断是否是特定后缀
代码
import os
import pathlib
def is_specific_suffix(file_path, suffix):
# 预处理给定后缀
suffix = str(suffix).lower()
suffix = suffix if suffix.startswith('.') else '.' + suffix
if pathlib.PurePath(file_path).suffix.lower() == suffix:
return True
return False
print(is_specific_suffix("a.txt", 'txt'))
print(is_specific_suffix("a.txt", 'TXT'))
print(is_specific_suffix("a.txt", '.txt'))
print(is_specific_suffix("a.TXT", '.txt'))
print(is_specific_suffix("a.TXT", '.md'))输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /media/bovenson/Data/workspace/Pycharm/PurePythonProject/pathtest.py
True
True
True
True
False
Process finished with exit code 0获取特定目录下特定后缀文件
代码
def get_specific_file_list(dir_path=None, suffix=None, recursion=False):
"""
获取目录下特定后缀文件
:param dir_path: 目录路径
:param suffix: 后缀, str或者list
:param recursion: 是否递归搜索子文件夹
:return: 文件列表
"""
_res = []
dir_path = os.path.abspath(dir_path)
try:
if dir_path is None or suffix is None or not os.path.exists(dir_path):
return _res
for item in os.listdir(dir_path):
item = os.path.join(dir_path, item)
# 如果是文件
if os.path.isfile(item):
# 如果后缀是字符串
if isinstance(suffix, str) and is_specific_suffix(item, suffix):
_res.append(os.path.join(dir_path, item))
# 如果后缀是列表
elif isinstance(suffix, list):
for _suffix in suffix:
if is_specific_suffix(item, _suffix):
_res.append(os.path.join(dir_path, item))
elif os.path.isdir(item) and recursion:
# 如果是路径且递归查找
_recursion_res = get_specific_file_list(os.path.join(dir_path, item), suffix, recursion=recursion)
for _t_res in _recursion_res:
_res.append(_t_res)
except:
# import traceback
# traceback.print_exc()
return _res
return _res
def is_specific_suffix(file_path, suffix):
# 预处理给定后缀
suffix = str(suffix).lower()
suffix = suffix if suffix.startswith('.') else '.' + suffix
if pathlib.PurePath(file_path).suffix.lower() == suffix:
return True
return False
if __name__ == "__main__":
print(get_specific_file_list("./../../", "mp3", recursion=True))输出
/usr/bin/python3.5 /home/bovenson/PycharmProjects/bovenson/common/util/utils.py
['/home/bovenson/PycharmProjects/bovenson/media/music/Home.mp3', '/home/bovenson/PycharmProjects/bovenson/media/music/Frances - Let It Out.mp3']
Process finished with exit code 0最后更新于
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